I think this is your family in 1871. I also think his first wife was Ernestine Elizabeth KLINGENDER. If Charles, was b:1834 then Christopher must have been been married previously
I do not think a Vicar would have had a child out of wedlock.

1871 England Census
Name: Christopher Brown Rodwell
Age: 59
Estimated Birth Year: abt 1812
Relation: Head
Spouse's Name: Maryanne Rodwell
Gender: Male
Where born: Hand of Malta
Civil Parish: Horsted Keynes
Ecclesiastical parish: Chichester
County/Island: Sussex
Country: England
Registration District: Cuckfield
Sub-registration District: Lindfield
ED, institution, or vessel: 4

Christopher Brown Rodwell 59 b Hand of Malta
Maryanne Rodwell 46 b Liverpool, Lancashire, England
Helen Lois Rodwell 25 b South Australia
Lucy Lois Rodwell 23 b Terling, Essex, England
Christopher Rodwell 21 b Gt Soller, Dorset, England ( under grad trinty coll Oxford)
Clara Maria Isabella Rodwell 15 b Iver, Buckinghamshire, England
Bertrice Octavia Rodwell 13 b Freshford, Somerset, England
Percival Davies Rodwell 6 b Freshford, Somerset, England


England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1966
Name: Ernestine Elizabeth Rodwell
Probate Date: 18 Jun 1878
Death Date: 2 Aug 1838 (died at sea)
Death Place: Middlesex, England
Registry: Principal Registry

Left under ?200 to her husband Rev. Christopher Brown Rodwell


Marriage

Name: Christopher Brown RODWELL,
Registration district: Marylebone
County: London
Year of registration: 1838
Quarter of registration: Jan-Feb-Mar
Spouse's name: Ernestine Elizabeth KLINGENDER
Volume no: 1
Page no: 150

look at this link and use it to only as a research aid until you can proof all the data:

https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.2.1/3914-3YH

"England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975"
Name: Ernestine Elizabeth Klengender
Gender: Female
Christening Date: 13 Oct 1819
Christening Place: SAINT MATTHEW,BETHNAL GREEN,LONDON,ENGLAND
Birth Date: 10 Sep 1819
Father's Name: Frederick Klengender
Mother's Name: Sarah
Indexing Project (Batch) Number: C04698-1
System Origin: England-ODM
GS Film number: 855941

Well here's 1851; I have added the birth places and relationships &c. which were shown on the image.
1851 England Census
Name: Christopher Brown Rodwell
Age: 39
Estimated Birth Year: abt 1812
Relation: Head
Spouse's Name: Mary Ann Rodwell
Gender: M (Male)
Where born: Valetta, Malta

Civil Parish: Toller Porcorum
County/Island: Dorset
Country: England

Street Address: None shown

Occupation: Vicar of Toller Porcorum

Condition as to marriage:

Disability: View Image

Registration District: Dorchester
Sub-registration District: Maiden Newton
ED, institution, or vessel: 8
Neighbors: View others on page
Household Schedule Number: 5
Piece: 1858
Folio: 506
Page Number: 1
Household Members: Name Age
Christopher Brown Rodwell 39 b: Valetta, Malta
Mary Ann Rodwell 26 b: Lancashire, Liverpool
Mary Ann Ernestus Rodwell 8 b: Sth Australia
Helen Lois Rodwell 5 b: Sth. Australia
Lucy Lois Rodwell 3 b: Serbing, Essex
Christopher Rodwell 1 b: Toller Porcorum, Essex
An Infant Rodwell 2 Mo Female b: Toller Porcorum
Edith Sime 18 -Governess
Emma Billen 22 - House Servant
Frances Billen 20 - Maid
James Billen 17 - Foot Boy

Here's the 1961. It's the same wife calling herself Mariann rather than Mary Ann, same family as in 1851 3 more kids a change of staff and young Christopher is missing.
1861 England Census
Name: Christophe B Rodwell
Age: 49
Estimated Birth Year: abt 1812
Relation: Head
Spouse's Name: Mariann Rodwell
Gender: Male
Where born: Island of Malta, Somerset, England

Civil Parish: Freshford
County/Island: Somerset
Country: England

Street Address: Parsonage

Occupation: Rector of Freshford

Condition as to marriage: View Image

Registration District: Bradford On Avon
Sub-registration District: Bradford South Eastern
ED, institution, or vessel: 16
Neighbors: View others on page
Household Schedule Number: 1
Piece: 1298
Folio: 96
Page Number: 1
Household Members: Name Age
Christophe B Rodwell 49 Malta
Mariann Rodwell 36 b: Lancashire, Liverpool
Mariann C Rodwell 18 b: Sth. Australia (just reads 'ditto' on image not Mariann)
Helen L Rodwell 15 b: Sth. Australia
Lucy L Rodwell 13 b: Turling, Essex
Agnes D Rodwell 10 b: Gt. Poller, Dorset
Annie H Rodwell 7 b: Maiden Newton, Dorset
Clara M I Rodwell 5 b: Iver, Buckinghamshire
Beatrice C Rodwell 3 b: Freshford, Somerset
Mary Bridle 44 - Cook
Ann Grant 25 - Housemaid
Ellen Tomkins 23 - Nurse

Percival's on this one and Christopher has returned perhaps he was away at school in 61.
1871 England Census
Name: Christopher Brown Rodwell
Age: 59
Estimated Birth Year: abt 1812
Relation: Head
Spouse's Name: Maryanne Rodwell
Gender: Male
Where born: Hand of Malta
Civil Parish: Horsted Keynes
Ecclesiastical parish: Chichester
County/Island: Sussex
Country: England
Registration District: Cuckfield
Sub-registration District: Lindfield
ED, institution, or vessel: 4
Household Schedule Number: 35
Piece: 1060
Folio: 60
Page Number: 8
Household Members: Name Age
Christopher Brown Rodwell 59 Rector of Horsted Keynes b: Malta
Maryanne Rodwell 46 b: Lancashire, Liverpool
Helen Lois Rodwell 25 b: Sth. Australia
Lucy Lois Rodwell 23 Terling (spell it differently every time)
Christopher Rodwell 21 b: Gt. Soller, Under Graduate Trinity College, Oxford
Clara Maria Isabella Rodwell 15 b: Iver, Buckinghamshire
Bertrice Octavia Rodwell 13 b: Freshford
Percival Davies Rodwell 6 b: Freshford
Anne Short 23 - General Servant
Sophia Huntley 24 - General Servant
Ellen Elizth Landers 17 - General Servant

Also I checked out because the name rang a bell, Thomas Rodwell the son of the first wife. You have him dying in North Adelaide 8 April 1880 do you think you could be mistaken. Here is the death notice,
South Australian Register Saturday 10 April 1880
RODWELL.? On the 8th April at Finniss street, North Adelaide, Thomas Rodwell, eldest son of the late H. Rodwell, of Sydney, aged 39 years. Sydney papers please copy.
South Australian Chronicle Saturday 10 April 1880
RODWELL. ?On the 9th April, at Finniss-street, North Adelaide, Thomas, eldest son of the late H. Rodwell, of Sydney, aged 39 years. Sydney papers please copy.
That H is an error, so then I went into the Sydney papers and came up with this;
The Sydney Morning Herald Saturday 24 April 1880
RODWELL.-April 10, at Finnis-street, North Adelaide, in his 41st year, Thomas, last surviving son of the late Thomas George Rodwell, of Regent-street, Redfern.
Now I've heard of Thomas George Rodwell 1799-1877 he was a convict who came out on the Royal Admiral in 1830 married another convict Sarah Eliza Griffin in 1838.
The son, Thomas Rodwell was in North Adelaide because he had married a daughter of Matthew O'Keefe a North Adelaide businessman about 7 or 8 years earlier. Anyway long story short; this is not your Thomas.
nsw.births V18391502 23A/1839 RODWELL THOMAS THOMAS G SARAH E
So, I've solved one problem and given you another.

Hi noggin & janilye,
Thank you for all your help it's fantastic. You've sertainly given me something to go on with, I'm going to loose sleep over this lot.
The kindest regards,
Roger